v2026.11.16174
Reference / Input deck / model / boundary conditions / wall / roughness

roughness

Surface roughness; unset, the wall is smooth.

typerequiredscalarfieldthermal modeladvanced
typerequired
required

Which roughness measure the value gives.

Options
ValueWhat it does
height

The value is the equivalent sand-grain height of the roughness elements.

length

The value is the aerodynamic roughness length, converted internally to a sand-grain height of length / 0.03.

Used inaskervein
Guidance: Choosing a wall model →
scalar
float·not set by default·>= 0 m·give either 'scalar' or 'field'

Uniform roughness over the wall, as the measure 'type' names.

Used inaskervein
field
str·not set by default

VTP file with a point array named 'Roughness'; each wall face takes the nearest point's value.

Used inbolund
thermal modeladvanced
default owen thomson·'thermal model' only applies when kind is 'wall function' and either temperature is set or heat flux is set

How roughness affects wall heat transfer under the compressible wall function.

Options
ValueWhat it does
owen thomson default

Adds a thermal sublayer resistance between the surface and the roughness crest, so the Stanton number rises less than the skin friction.

reynolds analogy

Omits that resistance, so the Stanton number rises in proportion to the skin friction.

Guidance: Choosing a wall model →