v2026.11.16174
Reference / Input deck / solver / equations / theta perturbation

theta perturbation

Initial potential-temperature perturbation added to the base state (gravity-wave and bubble benchmarks)

kindrequired
required

inertia gravity wave: A sin(pi z/H) / (1 + ((x - xc)/a)^2) (Skamarock & Klemp 1994); bubble: A cos^2(pi r/2) inside the ellipse r = |((x - xc)/rx, (z - zc)/rz)| <= 1; random: position-hashed +/-A turbulence seed below 'depth' (GABLS1)

Options
ValueWhat it doesWhen to use it
inertia gravity wave

θ′=Asin⁡(πz/H)/(1+((x−xc)/a)2)\theta' = A \sin(\pi z/H) / (1 + ((x-x_c)/a)^2) (Skamarock & Klemp 1994).

bubble

θ′=Acos⁡2(πr/2)\theta' = A \cos^2(\pi r/2) inside the ellipse r=∣((x−xc)/rx,(z−zc)/rz)∣≤1r = |((x-x_c)/r_x, (z-z_c)/r_z)| \le 1, zero outside.

random

A pseudo-random θ′\theta' of up to amplitude either side of zero, hashed from each cell's position and applied only below depth. The seed is reproducible and independent of the partitioning.

Seeding turbulence in a stable boundary layer, as in GABLS1.

Used inatmosphere
amplituderequired
float·required·in K

A; negative for a cold bubble

Used inatmosphere
centre
list of float·default [0, 0]·in m

[xc, zc]; zc is used by the bubble only

Used inatmosphere
half width
float·default 5000·> 0.0 m

a for the gravity wave, or the bubble x radius rx

Used inatmosphere
half height
float·default 2000·> 0.0 m

Bubble z radius rz

depth
float·default 10000·> 0.0 m

H in sin(pi z/H) for the gravity wave

Used inatmosphere